What is the Origin of Melatonin Testing?

The test is rooted in neuroendocrinology, emerging from the discovery of melatonin's role as the primary hormone regulating the sleep-wake cycle, or circadian rhythm. The development of highly sensitive assays allowed clinicians to measure the low, biologically relevant concentrations of this hormone in non-blood biological fluids, which better reflects the free, active hormone.

What is the Mechanism of Melatonin Testing?

The test relies on the known physiological pattern of melatonin secretion, which is strictly suppressed by light and peaks significantly during the dark hours. Collecting multiple samples allows for the plotting of a nocturnal curve, revealing the critical timing of onset, known as the Dim Light Melatonin Onset (DLMO), and the amplitude of the peak. This detailed profile is then used to diagnose rhythm phase delays, low overall production, or other disruptions that impact sleep quality and overall hormonal health.

Melatonin Testing ∞ Area

Melatonin Testing

Meaning

Melatonin Testing is a non-invasive diagnostic procedure used to measure the circulating levels of the hormone melatonin, primarily through saliva or urine samples collected at specific time points throughout the evening and night. This assessment is utilized clinically to evaluate the functional integrity of the pineal gland and to identify disturbances in the circadian rhythm or inadequate nocturnal melatonin production. It provides objective, actionable data for the precise management of sleep disorders and chronobiological dysregulation.