What is the Origin of Melatonin Signaling Pathway?

This pathway is a cornerstone of chronopharmacology and neuroendocrinology, established following the identification of melatonin as the key hormone secreted by the pineal gland in response to darkness. 'Signaling Pathway' describes the specific molecular communication route.

What is the Mechanism of Melatonin Signaling Pathway?

Melatonin binding to the MT1 receptor inhibits neuronal firing in the SCN, which decreases the wake-promoting drive and facilitates the initiation of sleep. Binding to the MT2 receptor is thought to mediate the phase-shifting effects on the circadian clock. The pathway also extends beyond sleep regulation, exerting significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in various peripheral tissues, supporting systemic cellular protection.

Melatonin Signaling Pathway

Meaning

The Melatonin Signaling Pathway is the complex cascade of molecular events initiated by the binding of the hormone melatonin to its specific receptors, primarily MT1 and MT2, located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and other peripheral tissues. This pathway is the principal mechanism by which the body translates the dark signal into physiological and behavioral changes, crucially regulating the circadian rhythm and promoting sleep onset.