What is the Origin of Melanocortins?

The name derives from their initial identification through their action on melanocytes ('melano') and their peptide nature ('cortin' linking them to ACTH). POMC cleavage dictates which specific melanocortin is released to target specific receptor subtypes.

What is the Mechanism of Melanocortins?

Melanocortins exert their physiological effects by binding to five known G-protein coupled receptors, MC1R through MC5R. Activation of MC4R in the hypothalamus, for example, is a key mechanism for promoting satiety and regulating energy expenditure, directly linking them to metabolic control relevant to overall wellness. Different receptors mediate distinct functions, requiring precise signaling control.

Melanocortins

Meaning

Melanocortins are a family of peptide hormones derived from the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) precursor molecule, including ACTH and various melanocyte-stimulating hormones ($alpha$-MSH, $beta$-MSH, $gamma$-MSH). These peptides play critical roles in regulating energy homeostasis, pigmentation, and the inflammatory response via specific receptor activation. They are central players in the neuroendocrine axis.