What is the Origin of Mammary Epithelial Cells?

The term is a compound of Mammary, derived from the Latin mamma (breast), and Epithelial Cells, from the Greek epi (upon) and thele (nipple), describing the covering tissue. The study of these cells is foundational to developmental biology, endocrinology, and breast cancer research.

What is the Mechanism of Mammary Epithelial Cells?

The mechanism of mammary epithelial cell function is exquisitely regulated by a cascade of endocrine signals that control the cell cycle and secretory machinery. Estrogen and progesterone stimulate ductal and lobuloalveolar proliferation, respectively, via nuclear receptor activation, while prolactin initiates the complex intracellular signaling required for milk protein and lipid synthesis during the final stages of differentiation.

Mammary Epithelial Cells ∞ Area

Mammary Epithelial Cells

Meaning

The specialized epithelial cells that line the ducts and acini of the mammary gland, forming the functional tissue responsible for the synthesis and secretion of milk during lactation. These cells are highly sensitive to systemic hormonal signals, particularly estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin, which drive their proliferation, differentiation, and functional state throughout life. Their integrity and regulated growth are central to breast health.