What is the Origin of Male Cardiovascular Risk?

This concept is a specialization within preventive cardiology and men's health, acknowledging the differential presentation and timing of cardiovascular disease between sexes. The focus on "male" risk became pronounced with research linking declining testosterone levels in aging men to adverse metabolic and vascular changes. The clinical imperative is to integrate hormonal status into the comprehensive assessment of cardiac prognosis.

What is the Mechanism of Male Cardiovascular Risk?

The mechanisms contributing to male cardiovascular risk are multifaceted, involving direct and indirect effects of sex hormones on the vascular endothelium and lipid metabolism. Low testosterone is associated with increased visceral fat, insulin resistance, and adverse changes in cholesterol profiles, all of which accelerate atherosclerosis. Conversely, supraphysiological levels of exogenous androgens can negatively impact hematocrit and potentially contribute to thrombotic risk, necessitating careful monitoring during hormone replacement therapy.

Male Cardiovascular Risk

Meaning

The quantifiable probability of a male individual developing a major adverse cardiac event, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure, over a defined period. This risk profile is determined by evaluating traditional factors like hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, alongside sex-specific endocrine parameters, notably the status of endogenous and exogenous testosterone. Clinicians use established risk stratification tools to guide preventive strategies and hormonal therapy decisions.