Male Andropause Symptoms, often referred to clinically as symptoms of late-onset hypogonadism or age-related testosterone deficiency, are a constellation of physiological and psychological manifestations resulting from the gradual decline in androgen levels, primarily testosterone, with advancing age. These symptoms include reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, decreased muscle mass, increased visceral fat accumulation, mood disturbances, and persistent fatigue. Recognizing this spectrum is essential for appropriate endocrine evaluation and management.
Origin
The term ‘andropause’ is an analog to ‘menopause’ in females, though the hormonal decline in men is typically more gradual and less universally defined by a complete cessation of gonadal function. The recognition of these symptoms as a distinct clinical entity arose from the expanding field of men’s health endocrinology, which sought to address the quality-of-life and health risks associated with age-related hypogonadism. This nomenclature provides a framework for clinical discussion.
Mechanism
The symptoms are mechanistically driven by the diminished activation of androgen receptors in target tissues, a consequence of both lower circulating total and free testosterone levels and potential changes in receptor sensitivity. Reduced androgenic signaling impairs protein synthesis in muscle and bone, disrupts central nervous system neurotransmitter balance, and negatively affects endothelial function. The resultant systemic imbalance contributes to the progressive decline in physical and psychological vitality.
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