Low-GI Carbohydrates are dietary sources of carbohydrates characterized by a slow and gradual rate of digestion and absorption, resulting in a modest and sustained rise in blood glucose and a corresponding gentle insulin response. These foods possess a Glycemic Index (GI) value of 55 or less. Integrating these carbohydrates into the daily diet is a cornerstone of metabolic health, as they promote sustained energy release, enhance satiety, and support long-term insulin sensitivity.
Origin
The classification of Low-GI Carbohydrates is a direct outcome of the development of the Glycemic Index, a metric established to quantify the physiological impact of different foods on postprandial glucose dynamics. The term denotes a metabolically favorable profile compared to high-GI counterparts. This distinction is critical in clinical nutrition for managing chronic conditions such as Type 2 Diabetes and for promoting stable energy levels throughout the day.
Mechanism
The slow metabolic response is attributed to the food’s structure, often containing higher levels of fiber, resistant starch, or less-processed complex carbohydrate molecules that require more time for enzymatic breakdown. The resulting steady, controlled influx of glucose into the bloodstream prevents the acute hyperinsulinemia associated with high-GI foods. This sustained glucose delivery and mild insulin signaling support continuous energy availability, reduce the likelihood of reactive hypoglycemia, and contribute to improved long-term beta-cell function and peripheral insulin sensitivity.
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