Longevity Physiology is the specialized study of the biological functions and homeostatic mechanisms that contribute to an extended healthspan and exceptional resilience against age-related decline and disease. This discipline focuses on identifying and optimizing the physiological characteristics common in centenarians and super-agers, such as high mitochondrial efficiency, robust immune function, and optimal hormonal signaling. It provides the functional blueprint for maintaining youthful vitality across the lifespan.
Origin
This term is a practical, clinical application of biogerontology research, translating findings about the mechanisms of aging into a framework for physiological optimization. It moves beyond descriptive observation to a prescriptive model, defining what optimal physiological function looks like in the context of extended health. The focus is on the functional capacity of organ systems, rather than simply the absence of disease.
Mechanism
Optimal Longevity Physiology is characterized by efficient metabolic flexibility, a balanced inflammatory profile, and a finely tuned neuroendocrine system. Maintaining this state involves ensuring the integrity of DNA repair mechanisms and the robust function of the immune system. The physiological mechanisms are supported by a continuous, low-level activation of cellular stress response pathways, known as hormesis, which strengthens the body’s adaptive capacity.
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