What is the Origin of Lipopolysaccharide Induced Inflammation?

The concept originates from immunology and microbiology, where LPS is recognized as a powerful pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP). Its clinical relevance in endocrinology grew with the understanding of the gut-brain-axis and metabolic endotoxemia. It links gut health directly to systemic inflammation and hormonal dysfunction.

What is the Mechanism of Lipopolysaccharide Induced Inflammation?

Circulating LPS is detected by immune cells, primarily through Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4), initiating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and interleukins. This cytokine surge interferes with insulin signaling, contributes to insulin resistance, and can impair the function of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. The resulting systemic inflammation creates an adverse environment that disrupts the sensitive feedback loops governing all major endocrine axes.

Lipopolysaccharide Induced Inflammation ∞ Area

Lipopolysaccharide Induced Inflammation

Meaning

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation describes the systemic inflammatory response triggered by the presence of LPS, a potent endotoxin derived from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. When intestinal permeability is compromised, LPS can translocate into the systemic circulation, leading to a chronic, low-grade inflammatory state. This type of inflammation is a major disruptor of endocrine signaling and metabolic health.