What is the Origin of Lipolytic Cascade?

This is a fundamental concept in biochemistry and lipid metabolism, describing the step-by-step enzymatic breakdown of fat. The term "cascade" emphasizes the sequential nature of the signaling pathway.

What is the Mechanism of Lipolytic Cascade?

The process begins with the binding of a lipolytic hormone to a beta-adrenergic receptor, which elevates intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels via adenylate cyclase. Elevated cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), which then phosphorylates and activates two key enzymes: hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). HSL and ATGL sequentially cleave the glycerol backbone from the fatty acids, completing the cascade and releasing the mobilized lipids into the circulation.

Lipolytic Cascade ∞ Area

Lipolytic Cascade

Meaning

The sequential, enzyme-driven biochemical pathway within the adipocyte that results in the hydrolysis of stored triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol, making them available for energy metabolism. This cascade is the core mechanism of fat breakdown and is tightly regulated by hormonal signals, primarily catecholamines and insulin. The efficiency of this cascade determines the body’s ability to access its stored fat reserves.