Lifespan Extension Biology is the scientific and clinical discipline focused on understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging with the goal of increasing both chronological longevity and the duration of healthspan. This field investigates fundamental biological processes such as cellular senescence, telomere attrition, genomic instability, and altered intercellular communication. Clinical strategies derived from this biology aim to slow the rate of biological aging and reduce the incidence of age-related diseases.
Origin
This discipline emerged from the convergence of genetics, molecular biology, and gerontology, shifting the focus from treating individual diseases to treating the underlying process of aging itself. The term ‘Lifespan Extension’ clearly articulates the ambitious, yet evidence-based, objective of the field, while ‘Biology’ grounds the practice in rigorous scientific inquiry. It provides the foundational knowledge for modern longevity medicine protocols.
Mechanism
The core mechanism of intervention involves modulating conserved longevity pathways, such as the mTOR, sirtuin, and AMPK signaling cascades, which govern cellular metabolism and stress response. Strategies often include caloric restriction mimetics, senolytics, and interventions that enhance proteostasis and DNA repair capacity. The collective effort is to maintain cellular and tissue integrity over time, thereby compressing the period of morbidity at the end of life.
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