LH FSH Regulation refers to the precise, tightly controlled process governing the secretion of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland. These gonadotropins are essential for stimulating gonadal function, including gamete production and sex steroid synthesis in both males and females. This regulatory mechanism is the core control system of the reproductive axis, ensuring cyclic and appropriate hormonal release.
Origin
The term is derived from the names of the two pituitary hormones, LH and FSH, and “regulation,” denoting the control and maintenance of a specific process. The system is fundamentally governed by the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) axis, where these hormones serve as central messengers.
Mechanism
The regulation is orchestrated by the pulsatile release of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus, which stimulates the pituitary to release LH and FSH. Circulating sex steroids, like testosterone and estrogen, then exert a negative feedback effect on both the hypothalamus and pituitary, thereby modulating GnRH and gonadotropin secretion to maintain hormonal balance. Inhibin, a peptide hormone from the gonads, selectively suppresses FSH release.
Gonadorelin protocols modulate pituitary sensitivity over time by either stimulating or suppressing gonadotropin release, depending on the administration pattern.
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