What is the Origin of LH and FSH Signaling?

The concept is rooted in classical endocrinology, specifically the discovery and functional assignment of these two glycoprotein hormones in the early 20th century. Their coordinated action was identified as the primary driver of the menstrual cycle in females and spermatogenesis in males, establishing the fundamental principles of gonadal regulation.

What is the Mechanism of LH and FSH Signaling?

Both LH and FSH receptors are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) located on the surface of ovarian and testicular cells. Upon hormone binding, the receptor activates an intracellular G-protein, which in turn stimulates the adenylyl cyclase enzyme to increase intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. This rise in cAMP acts as a second messenger, activating protein kinases that phosphorylate target enzymes, ultimately driving steroidogenesis and follicular or germ cell maturation.

LH and FSH Signaling ∞ Area

LH and FSH Signaling

Meaning

LH and FSH Signaling refers to the cascade of molecular events initiated when Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), both produced by the pituitary gland, bind to their respective receptors in the gonads. This signaling is the central regulatory mechanism of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) axis, controlling gamete production and the synthesis of sex steroid hormones like estrogen and testosterone. Proper signaling is essential for reproductive health and overall endocrine balance in both sexes.