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Laminar Shear Stress

Meaning

The frictional force exerted tangentially by the steady, smooth, and parallel flow of blood against the endothelial cell layer lining the interior of a blood vessel. This mechanical force is a critical physiological stimulus that promotes endothelial health and vascular function, driving the production of protective molecules like nitric oxide. Adequate laminar shear stress is essential for maintaining vascular elasticity and preventing the initiation of atherosclerotic plaque formation. Disruptions to this flow pattern, such as turbulent flow, are associated with endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk.