What is the Origin of KISS1 Gene?

The gene was initially named because its expression suppressed metastasis in melanoma cells, hence the acronym KISS-1. Later research elucidated its profound role in regulating the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal axis. This dual context highlights its systemic regulatory importance.

What is the Mechanism of KISS1 Gene?

KISS1 protein acts within the hypothalamus to inhibit the secretion of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) neurons. A sufficient level of KISS1 signaling is required to keep the reproductive axis quiescent before puberty. Conversely, a natural decrease in KISS1 activity permits the onset of GnRH pulsatility, thereby initiating the cascade of reproductive hormone production.

KISS1 Gene

Meaning

The KISS1 Gene encodes the metastin protein, which functions critically as a potent endogenous inhibitor of the reproductive axis. Its expression level directly influences the initiation and maintenance of puberty and adult reproductive function. Dysfunction in this gene can lead to severe disruptions in the pulsatile release of gonadotropins. Understanding its role is fundamental to central reproductive endocrinology.