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Iron Deficiency Anemia

Meaning

Iron deficiency anemia is a common hematological disorder characterized by a reduction in the number of red blood cells or the total hemoglobin mass, specifically resulting from insufficient bioavailable iron stores. Iron is an essential component of the heme group within hemoglobin, which is necessary for the efficient transport of oxygen from the lungs to peripheral tissues. Clinical presentation often includes fatigue, pallor, and reduced exercise capacity due to compromised tissue oxygenation. Accurate diagnosis requires evaluation of ferritin, serum iron, and total iron-binding capacity.