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Iron Cofactor Enzymes

Meaning

A large and functionally diverse group of enzymes that require iron, typically in the form of a heme group or iron-sulfur cluster, to catalyze essential biochemical reactions within the human body. These iron-dependent enzymes are indispensable for fundamental processes such as cellular respiration, DNA synthesis, and the metabolism of numerous hormones and neurotransmitters. Examples include cytochromes in the electron transport chain and hydroxylase enzymes crucial for steroid and thyroid hormone production. A compromised iron status directly impairs the function of these critical cofactors, leading to systemic metabolic and endocrine disruption.