The biochemical cascade initiated by the myokine irisin, a peptide hormone cleaved from the FNDC5 protein, which is primarily released from contracting skeletal muscle during and immediately following physical activity. Irisin signaling acts in a classical endocrine fashion to communicate the metabolic and energetic status of the muscle to other distant organs throughout the body. Its key physiological roles include promoting the beneficial browning of white adipose tissue and exerting significant neurotrophic effects in the central nervous system. This signaling pathway provides a tangible molecular link between physical exercise and systemic metabolic and cognitive benefits.
Origin
The concept of irisin signaling was established following the landmark discovery of the FNDC5 gene and its corresponding protein product in 2012. This groundbreaking finding provided a clear molecular mechanism for the widely observed systemic health advantages conferred by regular physical activity. The term ‘signaling’ emphasizes its role as a key endocrine messenger molecule within the rapidly expanding field of exercise endocrinology.
Mechanism
Irisin travels through the systemic circulation and binds to specific, though still-elusive, receptors on the surface of target cells in various tissues. In white adipose tissue, irisin signaling strongly drives the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), facilitating the metabolic conversion of energy-storing white fat into energy-burning beige/brown fat, a process known as thermogenesis. Furthermore, in the brain, irisin is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier and is thought to activate pathways that enhance BDNF expression, thereby supporting neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity.
We use cookies to personalize content and marketing, and to analyze our traffic. This helps us maintain the quality of our free resources. manage your preferences below.
Detailed Cookie Preferences
This helps support our free resources through personalized marketing efforts and promotions.
Analytics cookies help us understand how visitors interact with our website, improving user experience and website performance.
Personalization cookies enable us to customize the content and features of our site based on your interactions, offering a more tailored experience.