What is the Origin of Intrauterine Progestogen?

The concept of local hormone delivery originated from the desire to maximize therapeutic action at the target organ—the endometrium—while minimizing systemic side effects associated with oral hormonal medications. The IUS technology was developed as a long-acting, reversible contraceptive, building upon the established use of copper IUDs but adding the pharmacological action of a progestogen like levonorgestrel.

What is the Mechanism of Intrauterine Progestogen?

The intrauterine progestogen is continuously released from the device into the endometrial tissue, where it exerts its primary function. The high local concentration causes marked decidualization of the endometrium, which renders the lining unfavorable for implantation, and also induces glandular atrophy, significantly reducing menstrual blood flow. Furthermore, the local progestin thickens the cervical mucus, impeding sperm transit. The minimal systemic absorption ensures that the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis is often not completely suppressed, allowing for maintenance of ovulation in many users.

Intrauterine Progestogen ∞ Area

Intrauterine Progestogen

Meaning

A synthetic progestational hormone delivered directly into the uterine cavity via an intrauterine device (IUD) or system (IUS) for local and sustained therapeutic effect. This method of delivery is primarily used for contraception and for the management of heavy menstrual bleeding or endometrial protection during systemic estrogen therapy. The defining feature is the high local concentration of the progestogen with significantly lower systemic exposure compared to oral or transdermal administration.