The Intestinal Barrier is a complex, dynamic physiological interface that forms a selective separation between the contents of the gut lumen, including the microbiota and foreign antigens, and the body’s internal, sterile environment. It is primarily composed of a single layer of epithelial cells sealed by tight junction protein complexes, supported by a protective mucus layer and underlying immune tissue. Maintaining its integrity is vital for systemic health and preventing excessive systemic inflammation.
Origin
The concept of the intestinal barrier has evolved from a simple anatomical membrane to a dynamic, metabolically active organ, central to mucosal immunology and gastroenterology. The term describes the functional role of this interface in preventing the passage of harmful substances, a breakdown of which is colloquially referred to as “leaky gut.”
Mechanism
The barrier’s function is maintained by the tight junction proteins, such as occludin and zonulin, which regulate paracellular permeability, controlling the passage of molecules between epithelial cells. Epithelial cells themselves actively transport nutrients and provide a chemical defense. The immune cells of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) provide a final layer of defense, ensuring immune tolerance to beneficial contents while neutralizing threats.
We use cookies to personalize content and marketing, and to analyze our traffic. This helps us maintain the quality of our free resources. manage your preferences below.
Detailed Cookie Preferences
This helps support our free resources through personalized marketing efforts and promotions.
Analytics cookies help us understand how visitors interact with our website, improving user experience and website performance.
Personalization cookies enable us to customize the content and features of our site based on your interactions, offering a more tailored experience.