What is the Origin of Internal Timers?

This descriptive term refers to the core principles of chronobiology, the science of biological rhythms, where the master clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. It highlights the body's intrinsic temporal organization, which evolved in response to the planet's light-dark cycle. The concept is foundational to understanding sleep and metabolic disorders.

What is the Mechanism of Internal Timers?

At the cellular level, these timers are governed by a complex transcriptional-translational feedback loop involving 'clock' genes and their protein products, such as Period (PER) and Cryptochrome (CRY). This molecular oscillation dictates the rhythmic release of key hormones like cortisol and melatonin. This precise timing ensures that biological processes, such as digestion and repair, are optimally coordinated and executed.

Internal Timers ∞ Area

Internal Timers

Meaning

The endogenous, genetically encoded molecular mechanisms within the body that regulate the cyclical timing of virtually all physiological processes, including hormone secretion, sleep-wake cycles, and metabolic activity. These internal regulators are often referred to clinically as the circadian and ultradian rhythms. They are essential for synchronizing the body’s complex functions to the external environment and to each other.