Encompasses the totality of chemical processes occurring within the body’s cells and tissues that are essential for life, including the synthesis, breakdown, and interconversion of biomolecules, with a specific focus on endocrine signaling molecules like steroids and peptides. This term describes the dynamic, quantifiable chemical environment maintaining physiological function. It is the essential substrate upon which clinical health outcomes are built and regulated.
Origin
Derived from the core disciplines of physiology and biochemistry, this term signifies the internal milieu that is subject to constant hormonal regulation and metabolic flux. Its use emphasizes the molecular basis of systemic health, differentiating internal activity from external environmental influences. The origin lies in understanding cellular metabolism and energy homeostasis at the molecular level.
Mechanism
The mechanism involves intricate metabolic pathways regulated by enzymes and influenced by hormones acting as chemical messengers across receptor systems. Insulin signaling modulates glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis, while cortisol influences protein catabolism and gluconeogenesis, all contributing to the internal biochemical steady state. Maintaining the correct concentration and activity of these signaling molecules is central to avoiding endocrine pathology and systemic failure.
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