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Insulin-Mediated Sodium Retention

Meaning

Insulin-mediated sodium retention is a distinct physiological process wherein the peptide hormone insulin directly causes an increase in the reabsorption of sodium ions by the epithelial cells of the renal tubules in the kidney. This specific action leads to an expansion of the extracellular fluid volume and is recognized as a significant contributing factor in the development of systemic hypertension, particularly in clinical states characterized by hyperinsulinemia or pronounced insulin resistance. A thorough understanding of this direct renal effect of insulin is critically important for the comprehensive management of cardiometabolic health and blood pressure regulation.