What is the Origin of IGF-I Neuroprotection?

The term combines the abbreviation for Insulin-like Growth Factor-I, a polypeptide hormone primarily produced in the liver, with "neuroprotection," a concept from neuroscience focused on preserving nervous system integrity. This function was discovered as researchers explored the systemic effects of growth hormone and its mediator, IGF-I, on non-skeletal tissues. The clinical relevance is significant in the context of neurodegenerative disease and cognitive decline.

What is the Mechanism of IGF-I Neuroprotection?

IGF-I acts by binding to its specific receptor (IGF-1R) on neuronal and glial cell membranes, initiating intracellular signaling cascades, such as the PI3K/Akt pathway, which promotes cell survival and inhibits programmed cell death (apoptosis). It also stimulates the production of neurotrophic factors and enhances myelination. Furthermore, IGF-I crosses the blood-brain barrier to directly modulate neurotransmitter systems and promote neurogenesis, thereby safeguarding neurological function against age-related decline.

IGF-I Neuroprotection ∞ Area

IGF-I Neuroprotection

Meaning

IGF-I Neuroprotection refers to the specific beneficial role of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I in preserving the structure, function, and survival of neurons and other cells within the central and peripheral nervous systems. This protective effect extends beyond simple growth promotion, encompassing anti-apoptotic signaling, enhancement of synaptic plasticity, and mitigation of oxidative stress within neural tissue. Maintaining adequate circulating and local IGF-I levels is a critical component of cognitive health and neurological longevity.