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HPG Axis Neuroregulation

Meaning

HPG Axis Neuroregulation describes the intricate control exerted by the central nervous system, particularly the hypothalamus, over the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) axis, which is the master regulator of reproductive and sex steroid hormone production. This neuroregulation involves the pulsatile release of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus, which dictates the downstream secretion of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) from the pituitary. Precise neuroregulation is essential for maintaining optimal testosterone and estrogen levels, which are critical for metabolic health, bone density, mood, and sexual function across the lifespan. Disruption to this feedback loop is a common feature of age-related hormonal decline.