The precise temporal sequence and rhythmicity with which sequential endocrine signals are released and propagated through an axis, such as the HPA or HPG axis, to elicit a coordinated physiological response. Accurate cascade timing ensures that downstream effects occur appropriately relative to the initiating stimulus and circadian phase. Disruption in this sequence leads to functional decoupling and suboptimal endocrine action.
Origin
This concept merges ‘hormonal cascade,’ referencing the chain reaction of endocrine signaling, with ‘timing,’ emphasizing the critical role of temporal organization in biological regulation. It is fundamental to understanding neuroendocrinology and feedback control systems.
Mechanism
The mechanism relies on differential half-lives of releasing hormones (e.g., CRH, GnRH) and their target gland responses, creating a predictable temporal delay between initiation and effector hormone release. For example, the diurnal rhythm of cortisol depends on the timed pulsatility of CRH and ACTH release overnight and in the morning. Precise timing maximizes signal fidelity across multiple trophic levels, ensuring appropriate receptor saturation at the final target organ.
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