The strategic modification of factors that influence the fraction of administered or endogenously produced hormones that are free to interact with their target receptors and elicit a biological effect. This moves beyond simply measuring total hormone levels to assessing the functionally active concentration available at the tissue level. It is crucial for achieving therapeutic efficacy without escalating dosage.
Origin
This term stems from pharmacokinetics and endocrinology, where the difference between total hormone concentration and biologically active free hormone concentration is recognized as a major variable in treatment response. Tuning implies an active, iterative process of adjustment based on individual binding protein dynamics.
Mechanism
Tuning involves influencing the binding affinity or concentration of transport proteins, such as Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) or Thyroid-Binding Globulin (TBG), often through nutritional inputs, liver function support, or specific modulators. By altering the equilibrium between bound and unbound fractions, we can precisely adjust the effective tissue exposure to the active steroid or peptide hormone.
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