The clinical and biological strategy focused on preserving the structural size and functional integrity of the hippocampus, a critical brain region central to memory formation, spatial navigation, and emotional regulation. Volume loss in this area is a well-established neurobiological marker of chronic stress, aging, and neurodegenerative processes, often linked to prolonged exposure to elevated cortisol levels. Maintenance efforts aim to counteract atrophy and support ongoing neurogenesis, thereby sustaining cognitive health and stress resilience.
Origin
This concept originates from neuroanatomy and neuroendocrinology, specifically the discovery of high glucocorticoid receptor density in the hippocampus, making it exceptionally vulnerable to stress hormones. The term ‘Maintenance’ reflects the clinical goal of preserving the tissue volume observed in MRI studies, directly linking structural health to functional outcomes like memory performance. It is a key metric in longevity and brain health research.
Mechanism
Maintenance is achieved by promoting neurogenesis—the birth of new neurons—and enhancing synaptic plasticity within the hippocampal circuitry. Strategies involve modulating the HPA axis to normalize cortisol exposure, increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, and ensuring adequate cerebral blood flow. By reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, the mechanism supports the structural scaffolding and cellular environment necessary for sustained neuronal health and volume preservation.
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