The capacity of the central nervous system to encode, store, and retrieve sensory and executive data with minimal signal degradation or noise interference. This state implies optimal neuronal signal-to-noise ratios across cortical and subcortical circuits. It is the gold standard for cognitive performance.
Origin
Borrowed from telecommunications engineering, the term is applied metaphorically to neuroscience to denote the clarity and accuracy of neural signal transmission. It implies that information transmission pathways are uncompromised.
Mechanism
This fidelity is maintained through adequate cerebral perfusion, optimal synaptic membrane health, and precise synchronization of neural oscillations. Hormonal balance, particularly sufficient thyroid hormone signaling, supports the structural integrity of myelin sheaths necessary for rapid, clear signal propagation. Efficient energy substrate delivery further underpins this high-level processing capability.
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