What is the Origin of Growth Hormone Signaling?

This term is a modern concept in molecular endocrinology, building upon the initial discovery of GH and its receptor. The detailed understanding of the signaling pathways, including the involvement of specific kinases and transcription factors, developed throughout the late 20th and early 21st centuries. It represents the cellular-level explanation for the systemic effects observed in human physiology.

What is the Mechanism of Growth Hormone Signaling?

The process is initiated by the dimerization of the Growth Hormone Receptor (GHR) upon GH binding, which activates the associated Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) enzyme. Activated JAK2 then phosphorylates itself and the receptor, creating docking sites for various intracellular signaling proteins, including STAT proteins. The phosphorylated STAT molecules then translocate to the nucleus to modulate gene expression, notably promoting the synthesis of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1), which acts as a key effector hormone.

Growth Hormone Signaling ∞ Area

Growth Hormone Signaling

Meaning

Growth Hormone Signaling describes the entire cascade of molecular events that occur within a target cell following the binding of Growth Hormone (GH) to its specific receptor, ultimately translating the hormonal message into a physiological response. This pathway is central to regulating body composition, bone density, and glucose and lipid metabolism throughout the lifespan. Disruptions in this intricate signaling network can lead to clinical conditions such as growth hormone deficiency or acromegaly.

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HRTioOctober 18, 2025