Growth Hormone Releasing Factors (GHRFs) are a class of peptides, both endogenous and synthetic, that stimulate the secretion of growth hormone (GH) from the somatotroph cells located in the anterior pituitary gland. The primary endogenous GHRF is Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH), secreted by the hypothalamus, which acts to initiate the pulsatile release of GH. Clinically, synthetic GHRFs are used to enhance the body’s natural GH production, offering a physiological approach to addressing age-related somatopause, or GH decline.
Origin
The identification of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) in the 1980s was a major endocrinological milestone, confirming the hypothalamic control over pituitary GH secretion. The term “Factors” is a broader classification that includes GHRH and Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptides (GHRPs), which act via different receptor pathways. The therapeutic use of synthetic GHRFs is a modern development in hormonal health, seeking to leverage the body’s innate regulatory mechanisms.
Mechanism
The principal mechanism involves GHRH binding to the Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Receptor (GHRHR) on the pituitary somatotrophs, activating the adenylyl cyclase/cAMP signaling pathway, which leads to the synthesis and release of GH. Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptides (GHRPs) act through a separate receptor, the ghrelin receptor (GHSR-1a), to synergistically amplify the GH pulse, particularly when administered during the deep sleep window. This dual-pathway regulation ensures the precise, pulsatile nature of GH secretion essential for tissue repair, metabolism, and body composition maintenance.
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