Growth Factor Signaling Cascades refer to the sequential series of intracellular protein activations initiated when growth factors bind to their cell surface receptors, ultimately regulating fundamental processes like cell division, differentiation, and survival. These are the internal instructions for growth. They manage cellular fate.
Origin
This terminology stems directly from cellular biology, specifically the detailed study of mitogenic pathways that integrate external environmental stimuli into specific nuclear actions. It describes the chain reaction within the cytoplasm.
Mechanism
Receptor tyrosine kinases frequently initiate these cascades upon ligand binding, leading to the activation of crucial downstream intermediaries such as the RAS/MAPK pathway or the PI3K/AKT pathway. The final step often involves the translocation of activated transcription factors to the nucleus.
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