What is the Origin of GPR120 Receptor?

This receptor belongs to the large superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors, which are seven-transmembrane domain proteins that transduce extracellular signals into intracellular responses. GPR120 was identified as a free fatty acid receptor, establishing a direct molecular link between dietary fat intake and cellular signaling pathways critical for metabolic health. Its distribution across immune and metabolic tissues underscores its broad physiological role.

What is the Mechanism of GPR120 Receptor?

Upon binding its cognate ligand, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), GPR120 initiates a signaling cascade, often involving the inhibition of inflammatory pathways like the NF-kappaB pathway in macrophages. In adipocytes, its activation promotes glucose uptake and differentiation, leading to improved insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. This receptor acts as a molecular bridge between nutrition and endocrine signaling.

GPR120 Receptor ∞ Area

GPR120 Receptor

Meaning

The GPR120 Receptor, or G Protein-coupled Receptor 120, is a key cell surface receptor that functions as a sensor for long-chain fatty acids, primarily Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Clinically, its activation is implicated in mediating anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects in various metabolic tissues, including adipocytes and macrophages. Modulating this receptor represents a promising pharmacological target for managing metabolic dysfunction.

A textured, spherical bioidentical hormone representation rests on radial elements, symbolizing cellular health challenges in hypogonadism. This depicts the intricate endocrine system and the foundational support of Testosterone Replacement Therapy and peptide protocols for hormone optimization and cellular repair, restoring homeostasis in the patient journey.

Can Specific Fatty Acids Reverse Insulin Resistance in Hypogonadal Individuals?

Specific fatty acids, particularly omega-3s, can help reverse insulin resistance by optimizing the cellular environment for restored hormonal signals.

∞ Insulin Receptor
∞ Adipose Tissue
∞ Skeletal Muscle

HRTioAugust 2, 2025

GPR120 Receptor

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

Can Specific Fatty Acids Reverse Insulin Resistance in Hypogonadal Individuals?

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