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Glucocorticoid Receptor Sensitivity

Meaning

Glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity refers to the degree of cellular responsiveness to the circulating glucocorticoid hormones, primarily cortisol, mediated by the nuclear glucocorticoid receptor (GR). This sensitivity is a critical determinant of how effectively cortisol can execute its functions, such as modulating inflammation, regulating glucose metabolism, and controlling the HPA axis negative feedback loop. Clinical states of chronic stress or inflammation can alter this sensitivity, leading to either tissue resistance or excessive response, independent of the total cortisol level.