The therapeutic manipulation of the Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) pathway to exert comprehensive control over glucose homeostasis, energy balance, and body weight. GLP-1 is an incretin hormone that acts as a key regulator in the gut-brain-pancreas axis, influencing satiety and insulin secretion. This regulatory strategy is a cornerstone of modern metabolic health management.
Origin
This approach originates from the discovery of incretin hormones in the field of gastroenterology and endocrinology, leading to the development of GLP-1 receptor agonists for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Its application has expanded to include weight management and broader cardiometabolic health.
Mechanism
GLP-1 receptor agonists mimic the action of endogenous GLP-1, enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, suppressing glucagon release, and significantly slowing gastric emptying. Furthermore, its action in the hypothalamus increases satiety and reduces appetite, collectively resulting in improved glycemic control and substantial weight reduction.
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