GHK-Cu wound healing describes the therapeutic application and biological effect of the copper-peptide complex Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine (GHK) bound to copper (Cu) ions to promote tissue regeneration. This small, naturally occurring peptide is recognized for its potent ability to accelerate the repair process in skin and other connective tissues by modulating multiple cellular pathways. Its clinical utility lies in its powerful regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, making it a valuable tool in dermatological health.
Origin
The GHK peptide was initially discovered in human plasma in the 1970s, demonstrating a strong affinity for copper and exhibiting various regenerative effects on the liver and skin. The concept of using GHK-Cu for wound healing emerged from its demonstrated ability to stimulate the synthesis of essential structural components like collagen and glycosaminoglycans. This mechanism is a key area of interest in regenerative medicine and advanced cosmeceuticals.
Mechanism
The copper-peptide complex functions by binding to and transporting copper ions, a critical cofactor for enzymes involved in tissue remodeling, such as lysyl oxidase, which cross-links collagen. GHK-Cu also modulates the expression of numerous genes involved in repair, including those related to growth factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This coordinated action stimulates angiogenesis, promotes fibroblast proliferation, and facilitates the necessary matrix deposition for effective tissue closure and remodeling.
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