What is the Origin of Gestational Hypertension?

The term is a straightforward clinical composite, combining gestational, referring to the period of carrying a fetus, with hypertension, from the Greek hyper meaning "over" and Latin tensio meaning "stretching" or "pressure." This nomenclature reflects the condition's unique temporal association with the pregnancy state.

What is the Mechanism of Gestational Hypertension?

The exact pathophysiology remains complex, but it is primarily thought to involve widespread maternal endothelial dysfunction and an imbalance of pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors originating from the placenta. This placental dysfunction leads to poor remodeling of the spiral arteries, resulting in reduced uteroplacental perfusion. The subsequent release of vasoactive substances into the maternal circulation causes systemic vasoconstriction, leading to the characteristic elevation in blood pressure.

Gestational Hypertension ∞ Area

Gestational Hypertension

Meaning

Gestational hypertension is a clinical diagnosis characterized by the new onset of high blood pressure, specifically a systolic pressure of 140 mm Hg or greater or a diastolic pressure of 90 mm Hg or greater, occurring after 20 weeks of gestation in a previously normotensive woman. Crucially, this condition is defined by the absence of proteinuria or other signs of end-organ damage, distinguishing it from preeclampsia. While often resolving postpartum, it necessitates close maternal and fetal monitoring due to the increased risk of progression to preeclampsia or other adverse perinatal outcomes. Careful management is essential for optimizing the health trajectory of both the mother and the developing fetus.