What is the Origin of Genomic Androgen Pathway?

This pathway is a cornerstone of molecular endocrinology, first detailed through studies of steroid hormone action in the mid-20th century. The term links 'genomic' (relating to the genome) with 'androgen' (male sex hormones) and 'pathway' (a sequence of reactions or steps). It contrasts with the faster, non-genomic actions of androgens that occur outside the nucleus.

What is the Mechanism of Genomic Androgen Pathway?

The process begins when the lipophilic androgen hormone diffuses across the cell membrane and binds to the cytosolic or nuclear androgen receptor (AR). This binding induces a conformational change in the AR, leading to its dimerization and subsequent binding to specific DNA sequences known as androgen response elements (AREs). The AR-ARE complex then modulates the transcription of target genes, resulting in the synthesis of new proteins that mediate the hormone's biological effects over hours or days.

Genomic Androgen Pathway ∞ Area

Genomic Androgen Pathway

Meaning

The Genomic Androgen Pathway describes the classic, slower mechanism by which androgen hormones, such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), exert their effects on target cells by directly influencing gene expression. This pathway involves the hormone binding to the intracellular androgen receptor, which then translocates to the nucleus to act as a transcription factor. This mechanism dictates long-term physiological changes, including the development of secondary sexual characteristics and maintenance of muscle mass.