The proactive clinical strategy of interpreting an individual’s genetic profile to identify specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or genetic variants that confer an increased susceptibility to certain diseases or sub-optimal biological function. Optimization then involves implementing highly personalized, targeted lifestyle, nutritional, and supplemental interventions to mitigate the expression of these identified genetic risks. This approach shifts the focus from an unchangeable genetic fate to a manageable, actionable genetic roadmap for preventative health.
Origin
This concept arose directly from the Human Genome Project and the subsequent explosion in affordable genetic sequencing and bioinformatics in the early 21st century. It represents the practical, clinical application of nutrigenomics and pharmacogenomics in a preventative wellness setting. The term emphasizes the dynamic interaction between fixed genetics and the modifiable environment, known as the exposome, which determines health outcomes.
Mechanism
Optimization operates on the principle of epigenetics, where environmental factors and nutrient availability influence gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence. For example, if a genetic variant indicates impaired folate metabolism, the intervention involves providing the bioavailable, methylated form of folate to bypass the genetic bottleneck. By providing the precise cofactors or signals the body needs, the functional output of a sub-optimal genetic pathway can be normalized or significantly enhanced.
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