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Gastrointestinal Transporters

Meaning

Gastrointestinal transporters are a diverse family of protein molecules embedded in the epithelial cell membranes lining the small and large intestines, responsible for the selective movement of nutrients, ions, water, and xenobiotics across the intestinal barrier. These proteins include both uptake transporters, which facilitate absorption into the enterocyte, and efflux transporters, which pump substances back into the intestinal lumen. Their collective function is essential for nutrient bioavailability, drug absorption, and protecting the systemic circulation from potentially harmful compounds. The efficiency of these transporters is a major determinant of overall nutritional and pharmacological status.