What is the Origin of GABAergic Neurons?

The term is derived from GABA, the chemical name of the neurotransmitter, and the suffix -ergic, meaning "working" or "activated by," which is a common nomenclature in neurobiology. It identifies the specific class of neurons defined by their use of this inhibitory signaling molecule for synaptic communication.

What is the Mechanism of GABAergic Neurons?

GABAergic neurons function by releasing GABA into the synaptic cleft, which then binds to specific GABA receptors (GABA-A and GABA-B) located on the postsynaptic membrane of neighboring cells. Binding to the ionotropic GABA-A receptor typically opens chloride channels, causing an influx of negative ions that hyperpolarizes the target neuron. This hyperpolarization makes the neuron significantly less likely to fire an action potential, and this profound inhibitory action is fundamental for balancing the excitatory signals in the brain, profoundly influencing sleep, mood, and anxiety levels.

GABAergic Neurons ∞ Area

GABAergic Neurons

Meaning

Nerve cells that synthesize and release Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which serves as the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter throughout the central nervous system. These specialized neurons are crucial for regulating overall neuronal excitability, promoting a state of relaxation, and controlling muscle tone.