What is the Origin of GABAA Receptor?

The name is an acronym for Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptor, directly reflecting its activation by the inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter GABA. The designation 'A' distinguishes it from the $text{GABA}_{text{B}}$ receptor, which operates via a G-protein coupled mechanism. The identification and characterization of this receptor were pivotal moments in neuroscience, establishing the molecular basis for rapid inhibitory synaptic transmission.

What is the Mechanism of GABAA Receptor?

When the neurotransmitter GABA binds to its specific site on the receptor, the ion channel rapidly opens, allowing a significant influx of chloride ions into the post-synaptic neuron. This influx of negative charge drives the membrane potential toward the inhibitory reversal potential, resulting in neuronal hyperpolarization and subsequent inhibition. The receptor is uniquely structured with multiple allosteric binding sites, which are targeted by various endogenous neurosteroids and exogenous pharmacological agents to enhance or diminish its inhibitory function.

GABAA Receptor

Q: What is the Meaning of GABAA Receptor?

The $text{GABA}_{text{A}}$ Receptor is the principal inhibitory receptor complex in the mammalian central nervous system, functioning as a fast-acting, ligand-gated ion channel that is activated by the neurotransmitter Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ($text{GABA}$). This intricate pentameric protein complex is selectively permeable to negatively charged chloride ions, and its activation hyperpolarizes the neuron, thereby decreasing its excitability and regulating overall brain tone. Its widespread presence throughout the brain makes it a critical therapeutic target for managing conditions related to anxiety, sleep, and mood.

Meaning

The GABAA Receptor is the principal inhibitory receptor complex in the mammalian central nervous system, functioning as a fast-acting, ligand-gated ion channel that is activated by the neurotransmitter Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA). This intricate pentameric protein complex is selectively permeable to negatively charged chloride ions, and its activation hyperpolarizes the neuron, thereby decreasing its excitability and regulating overall brain tone. Its widespread presence throughout the brain makes it a critical therapeutic target for managing conditions related to anxiety, sleep, and mood.