A clinically relevant enhancement in the capacity of the neuromuscular system to perform movements necessary for daily living, occupational tasks, and recreational activities with greater ease, efficiency, and safety. This improvement is measured not just by absolute force production but by the integration of strength, balance, coordination, and endurance across complex movement patterns. It represents a tangible increase in physical autonomy and quality of life, particularly critical in the context of aging.
Origin
This concept is a cornerstone of modern physical therapy, rehabilitation science, and performance training, moving beyond isolated muscle strength measurements. It emphasizes the integrated function of the kinetic chain and the practical application of physical capacity. In the hormonal context, it links optimized endocrine status to measurable real-world physical outcomes.
Mechanism
Improvement is achieved through a combination of targeted resistance training, which drives muscle hypertrophy and neural adaptation, and the optimization of key anabolic hormones, such as testosterone and growth hormone. These hormonal signals enhance muscle protein synthesis and promote neuromuscular junction integrity, leading to faster and stronger motor unit recruitment. The nervous system also adapts by improving inter- and intra-muscular coordination, making movements more fluid and purposeful.
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