What is the Origin of Functional Hormone Resistance?

The term combines 'functional,' denoting a physiological rather than structural or genetic cause, with 'hormone resistance,' a concept first recognized in classic endocrinology with conditions like pseudohypoparathyroidism. The most widely understood example is insulin resistance, which is central to the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes.

What is the Mechanism of Functional Hormone Resistance?

The mechanism often involves impaired post-receptor signaling pathways, such as chronic activation of inflammatory cascades that interfere with the hormone's intracellular message transmission. For instance, chronic stress-induced cortisol elevation can lead to glucocorticoid receptor downregulation, effectively dampening the body's sensitivity to its own cortisol. Furthermore, deficiencies in essential biochemical cofactors, like certain vitamins or minerals, can directly impede the downstream enzymatic steps necessary for the hormone's action to translate into a biological effect.

Functional Hormone Resistance ∞ Area

Functional Hormone Resistance

Meaning

Functional Hormone Resistance is a clinical state where a target tissue or organ exhibits a diminished biological response to a normal or even elevated concentration of a circulating hormone. Unlike resistance caused by genetic receptor mutations, this form is typically acquired and reversible, often stemming from post-receptor signaling defects, chronic inflammation, or nutrient cofactor deficiencies. This physiological insensitivity necessitates a higher hormone concentration to achieve the expected metabolic effect.