What is the Origin of Free Hormone Concentration?

The concept is foundational in clinical endocrinology and pharmacology, stemming from the principles of protein binding and mass action kinetics in blood plasma. The term "free" distinguishes the biologically available fraction from the total amount measured in the blood.

What is the Mechanism of Free Hormone Concentration?

The concentration of free hormone is dynamically regulated by the total hormone production rate and the concentration and affinity of its specific binding proteins. Changes in Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin levels, for instance, directly alter the free fraction of testosterone and estradiol without necessarily changing the total hormone level. Clinical evaluation of the free concentration is crucial for accurately diagnosing and managing conditions like androgen deficiency or excess.

Free Hormone Concentration

Meaning

Free hormone concentration represents the minute fraction of a circulating hormone that is unbound to plasma transport proteins, such as Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin or albumin, and is therefore biologically active. Only the free, unbound hormone molecules can diffuse across cell membranes and interact with intracellular receptors to elicit a physiological response. This concentration is the true determinant of hormonal effect at the tissue level, making it a more clinically relevant metric than total hormone levels.

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Free Hormone Concentration

Meaning

Origin

Mechanism

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