What is the Origin of Follicular Microinflammation?

The term is a compound from dermatology and immunology, combining follicular, relating to the hair follicle, and microinflammation, signifying a localized, subtle inflammatory response. The concept emerged from histological studies of the scalp in patients experiencing hair loss, revealing immune cell presence without overt signs of acute inflammation. It highlights the role of the immune system in the delicate balance of the hair growth cycle.

What is the Mechanism of Follicular Microinflammation?

The mechanism involves the activation of resident immune cells and the release of inflammatory mediators, such as interleukins and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, within the follicular unit. These cytokines act as signaling molecules that can prematurely push the hair follicle from the anagen (growth) phase into the catagen (regression) phase. This chronic disruption shortens the growth cycle, leading to progressive follicular miniaturization and the eventual production of vellus, or fine, non-pigmented hairs.

Follicular Microinflammation ∞ Area

Follicular Microinflammation

Meaning

Follicular microinflammation refers to a subtle, chronic, low-grade inflammatory state localized within or immediately surrounding the hair follicle structure. This non-resolving inflammatory process involves the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune cell infiltration, which can disrupt the normal hair growth cycle. Clinically, this microinflammation is a recognized, though often subclinical, factor contributing to various forms of alopecia and hair thinning.