Fat Mass, or total adipose tissue mass, is the entire quantity of lipid-containing cells stored within the body, which includes both essential structural fat and energy storage fat. This measure is a crucial component of overall body composition and functions critically as a major endocrine organ, actively secreting hormones and cytokines that profoundly influence systemic metabolism and chronic inflammation. Excessive fat mass, particularly the metabolically active visceral adiposity, is a significant, modifiable risk factor for numerous metabolic and cardiovascular dysfunctions.
Origin
The term originates from anatomy and body composition analysis, providing a direct, quantifiable metric of the body’s stored energy reserves. In modern endocrinology, the recognition of adipose tissue as a highly active endocrine organ, rather than simply passive storage, fundamentally changed the clinical perception of fat mass. This conceptual shift highlights its central and active role in regulating systemic hormonal balance and energy homeostasis.
Mechanism
Adipose tissue actively secretes a diverse range of signaling molecules, collectively known as adipokines, which include key hormones like leptin and adiponectin, as well as various inflammatory cytokines. These adipokines function to regulate appetite, control insulin sensitivity, and maintain vascular health throughout the body’s systems. Increased fat mass, especially when coupled with poor metabolic health, often results in a dysregulated and pro-inflammatory adipokine profile, promoting chronic low-grade inflammation and contributing directly to both insulin and leptin resistance.
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