The strategic nutritional planning and substrate management executed before, during, and after physical exertion to optimize performance and facilitate recovery, particularly concerning glycogen replenishment and hormonal response modulation. This is not merely caloric intake but a precise timing of macronutrient delivery synchronized with training demands. It ensures that endocrine signals support anabolic processes post-exercise.
Origin
Derived from sports nutrition and exercise physiology, this term emphasizes the dynamic relationship between nutrient timing and physiological adaptation to stress. Fueling implies providing the necessary molecular components to drive the immediate energy requirement and subsequent repair cycles. It is the practical application of metabolic science to physical activity.
Mechanism
Effective fueling involves ensuring adequate carbohydrate availability to support high-intensity work and rapid insulin signaling post-exercise to drive nutrient partitioning towards muscle repair. Protein ingestion is timed to maximize muscle protein synthesis via mTOR pathway activation, often synergistically with insulin. Proper fueling mitigates excessive cortisol release and supports the anabolic drive necessary for adaptation.
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