Question 1

What is the Meaning of Exenatide?

Accepted Answer

Exenatide is a synthetic peptide, classified as a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, which functions as an incretin mimetic. It is a pharmaceutical agent specifically developed for the therapeutic management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, assisting in the regulation of blood glucose levels.

Question 2

What is the Context of Exenatide?

Accepted Answer

This compound primarily acts within the physiological systems governing glucose homeostasis, targeting specific receptors found on pancreatic beta cells, within the gastrointestinal tract, and in areas of the central nervous system. Its influence extends to both insulin secretion and glucagon suppression, key elements in metabolic control.

Question 3

What is the Significance of Exenatide?

Accepted Answer

Clinically, Exenatide offers a valuable approach to improving glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. It contributes to reducing both fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia, often accompanied by beneficial effects on body weight and, in some instances, cardiovascular parameters, enhancing overall metabolic health.

Question 4

What is the Mechanism of Exenatide?

Accepted Answer

Exenatide exerts its therapeutic effects by binding to and activating GLP-1 receptors. This activation stimulates glucose-dependent insulin release from pancreatic beta cells, thereby lowering blood glucose. It concurrently suppresses excessive glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells and slows gastric emptying, further contributing to glucose regulation.

Question 5

What is the Application of Exenatide?

Accepted Answer

Administered via subcutaneous injection, Exenatide is prescribed as an adjunct to diet and exercise for patients with type 2 diabetes who have not achieved adequate glycemic control with other antidiabetic medications. Its use requires patient education on proper injection technique and adherence to a consistent dosing schedule.

Question 6

What is the Metric of Exenatide?

Accepted Answer

The effectiveness of Exenatide therapy is primarily assessed by monitoring hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, which reflect average blood glucose over several months. Fasting and postprandial plasma glucose measurements also provide immediate insights into glycemic response, alongside regular assessments of body weight and blood pressure.

Question 7

What is the Risk of Exenatide?

Accepted Answer

Potential adverse effects associated with Exenatide include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, particularly upon initiation. There is an increased risk of hypoglycemia when combined with sulfonylureas or insulin. Rare but serious considerations involve acute pancreatitis and a theoretical risk of thyroid C-cell tumors, necessitating careful patient selection and monitoring.

Exenatide

Meaning

Context

Significance

Mechanism

Application

Metric

Risk

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