What is the Origin of Executive Control Networks?

The term combines "executive control," a concept from cognitive psychology referring to the brain's supervisory functions, with "networks," highlighting the distributed, interconnected nature of these neural systems. It is a fundamental concept in modern cognitive neuroscience.

What is the Mechanism of Executive Control Networks?

The core mechanism involves synchronized activity and communication between the lateral prefrontal cortex, the anterior cingulate cortex, and the parietal cortex. Neurotransmitters, particularly dopamine and norepinephrine, play a crucial modulatory role in regulating the signal-to-noise ratio within these circuits, enabling selective attention and resistance to distraction. Hormonal balance, especially thyroid and sex steroids, is also critical for maintaining the structural and functional health of these networks over the lifespan.

Executive Control Networks ∞ Area

Executive Control Networks

Meaning

Executive control networks are a set of interconnected neural circuits, primarily involving the prefrontal cortex, that are responsible for the higher-order cognitive processes essential for goal-directed behavior. These functions include working memory, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and complex decision-making. The integrity and efficiency of these networks are paramount for adaptive behavior and intellectual performance.